职业早期应专精还是广泛探索

Lily's caution about technological obsolescence is the most important strategic consideration in this discussion, and Derek's earning power is real but potentially fragile. The optimal approach is what career strategists call 'T-shaped development': broad exploration across related fields in your early career, followed by deep specialization in one area once you've identified where your natural advantages and market demand intersect. Derek's cloud security specialization succeeded because he happened to choose a field with explosive growth. But for every Derek, there's a Lily's uncle — someone who specialized just as deeply in a dying technology. The difference wasn't effort or talent; it was timing and luck. Broad exploration in your twenties serves as a risk management strategy: it exposes you to multiple domains, helps you recognize which skills are durable, and builds a network across fields that becomes valuable when you do specialize. Derek's 'generalists are replaceable' claim is also outdated in an AI era — narrow specialists are increasingly vulnerable to automation, while people who can connect ideas across domains are harder to replace. The T-shaped model resolves the tension: explore broadly to find your intersection of talent and demand, then go deep. This isn't indecision — it's strategic reconnaissance before commitment, and it typically takes only two to three years, not the aimless wandering Derek implies.