家庭支出结构变化 (2000 vs 2020)

📝 题目

The two pie charts below show the proportion of household spending on different categories in 2000 and 2020. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

📊 图表内容说明

双饼图对比家庭支出：2000年食品35%/住房25%/交通15%/教育10%/其他15%；2020年住房升至35%（最大）、食品降至20%、交通升至20%、教育升至15%、其他10%。

✍️ 满分范文

主体段 1

The two pie charts compare the distribution of household expenditure across five categories in 2000 and 2020.

改写：two pie charts compare, distribution of household expenditure。

主体段 2

Overall, the most significant shift was the reversal in the largest spending category: food was the biggest expense in 2000, but housing took that position by 2020. Spending on food decreased considerably, while expenditure on housing and transport both increased.

抓住核心变化：最大支出类别从食品变为住房。指出两个下降项和两个上升项——用while连接对比。不引用具体数据。

主体段 3

In 2000, food accounted for the largest share of household spending at 35%, followed by housing at 25% and transport at 15%. Education and other expenses made up 10% and 15% respectively. By 2020, the picture had changed substantially. Housing had become the largest category, rising to 35% of total spending, while food had dropped to 20% — a 15-percentage-point decline.

先描述2000年分布（从大到小），再用'By 2020, the picture had changed substantially'转入2020年。聚焦最大的两个变化项：住房升和食品降。使用'15-percentage-point decline'精确描述变化量。

主体段 4

Transport spending increased from 15% to 20%, and education rose modestly from 10% to 15%. Meanwhile, the 'other' category decreased from 15% to 10%. Overall, the data suggests that families in 2020 allocated a larger portion of their budgets to housing and transport, at the expense of food and miscellaneous expenses.

描述剩余三个类别的变化。末句总结整体趋势——住房交通占比增大，食品其他缩减。注意末句是对数据的合理推论，不是个人观点。

📚 核心词汇

distribution (分布) · 替换breakdown ☆ expenditure (支出) · 替换spending ☆ reversal (反转) · 描述趋势逆转 ☆ substantially (大幅地) · 程度副词 ☆ allocated (分配) · 替换spent ☆ at the expense of (以...为代价) · 对比表达 ☆

🏆 高分句型

the most significant shift was the reversal → 用于概括图表最核心变化，强调对比鲜明。语法为最高级+名词短语。可替换为the most notable change was the reversal。 ☆

took that position → 用于描述某类别排名升至第一，拟人化表达生动。语法为动词短语。可替换为occupied that spot或claimed that rank。 ☆

accounted for the largest share → 用于描述占比最重的类别，数据写作高频表达。语法为account for+比例。可替换为constituted the largest proportion of。 ☆

the picture had changed substantially → 用于引出后期数据的整体变化，承上启下。语法为过去完成时表对比。可替换为the situation had changed dramatically。 ☆

a 15-percentage-point decline → 用于精确描述百分比下降幅度，突出数据变化。语法为复合名词作主语。可替换为a drop of 15 percentage points。 ☆

rose modestly from... to... → 用于描述小幅上升趋势，语气客观准确。语法为动词短语接数据范围。可替换为increased slightly from... to...。 ☆

allocated a larger portion of their budgets to → 用于叙述人们将更多支出分配给某类，从消费者角度表达。语法为allocate...to...结构。可替换为spent a higher proportion of their budgets on。 ☆

🔒

这篇范文已就绪，登录即可查看全文

满分范文 —— 英文原文 + 中文翻译 + 逐段解析

高分句型 / 核心词汇 —— 重点表达即学即用

免费注册，登录即看，无需付费